Joining upper and lower copper zones

Hi All,

I have two layers board as shown below


I created a ground zones on the upper and lower copper layers. it works great.

I see that there is an island with no copper filling in the middle. I highlight it in green.
is there a way to connect the red area with the upper area to avoid this empty island ?

Simply place vias in the empty space. They will connect to GND and lead to copper zones on the other side. So you can e.g. connect the upper red zone to the lower one. This would give smaller loop areas and lower EMI. With respect to EMI, I would also suggest to reduce the clearance of the pours such that they create copper between the IC pins.

I did add via and re-fill and it started to create copper on the other side. Many thanks.

regarding the clearance, I have to keep it like this because of my poor soldiering skills :frowning:

If you get your board properly manufactured (with appropriate solder resist), don’t care about it. If you etch or mill it manually, you’re right. I am no Old Surehand myself but I never had trouble soldering. Trust in yourself!

when you say “appropriate solder resist” you mean the soldermask ?
I manufacture my boards in JLCPCB in china. would that count as good quality boards?

Adding stitching via’s is not the proper way to do this. The proper way is to put all the tracks on a single layer, and reserve the other layer for the GND plane. Only when the PCB becomes too dense using stitching via’s becomes a last resort. Your PCB looks like it’s made with freerouter, or at least by just drawing the tracks without paying any regard to proper track layout. It’s a big mess at the moment and needs cleanup. It is OK to use vias in tracks to create “hop overs” to get past crossing tracks. You already did this at least once in:
image

With an PCB that is as easy as this, it is also quite easy to reserve one full layer for a GND plane. Randomly placing some via’s to get copper to fill more area’s of the PCB does not make a proper GND plane.

Some other remarks:

  • The default TO-92 is a nuisance to solder (or home etch) But KiCad also has some TO-92 footprints in which the pads are spread more apart. Those are much more fit for DIY projects.
  • You can easily make rectangles of zone edges by drawing them on a coarse grid.
  • Draw the PCB outline on the Edge.Cuts layer. This is pretty much mandatory before you order a PCB. KiCad’s 3D viewer also can not show the PCB properly without a valid outline on Edge.Cuts.
  • When you have a proper Edge.Cuts, you can draw the zone outline as something irregular. KiCad will then clip it at the edge of the PCB, and it will keep a clearance that can be defined in: PCB Editor / File / Board Setup / Design Rules / Constraints / Copper to edge clearance
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Thx Thx for the hints.

Highly appreciated.

I am using freerouter since it is a hobby project and long time is required to finish this job. I don’t know if there exists better routing applications. do you know ?

I also don’t want to use cracked Altium Designer for routing so I stick with what is free.

It’s a simple board.
You could hand-route it in an hour or so.

You have it between your ears.

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Sorry, I didn’t identify this as a reply to my post until now :slightly_smiling_face:. Yes, I had a few boards from JLCPCB and the quality was always very good.

I had similar. I also recommend routing by hand. Never done it differently. I also recommend putting all tracks on one layer as much as possible.

One other recommendation: Your tracks appear to be much thinner than necessary. In 98% of cases this does not help anything. Narrow tracks do not generally reduce parasitic coupling or parasitic inductance, and they are more susceptible to physical damage.

I will generally make tracks as wide as (or almost as wide as) the pads, unless there is not enough space to do that. If there is not enough space I will generally just narrow the tracks in the area where I need to do so.

This is an image of a 2-layer design I did recently.

Finally, unrelated, this is off the subject but I got it from Google…

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“PCB via con dios my darling” is a playful phrase combining a technical term from electronics (“PCB via”) with the Spanish expression “Vaya con Dios” which means “Go with God” - essentially saying “goodbye” or “farewell” to a beloved PCB (printed circuit board) with a touch of endearment.