We have just finished off some code for Eagle Binary (v3, v4, v5) layout loading in pcb-rnd, which can save layouts in Kicad format for any Kicad users needing to convert Eagle binary layouts, but we have not looked at binary format Eagle libraries yet.
In case it may be of help, this is what I have been able to extract with some diagnostic tools as far as packages go from the binary format FTSH-105-XX-XX-D library:
(Layer 51 is tDocu, the documentation layer (can mostly be ignored), and Layer 21 is front silk)
- Package FTSH-105-XX-XX-D: limits (-147mil, -159mil), (150mil, 158mil), desc 0.050"X0.050" CL THROUGH HOLE TERMINAL STRIP ASSEMBLY, 10PINS., subsecs 22
- Pad: at (-0.100000", -0.025000"), diameter 0.040000", drill 0.028000", angle 0.000000, shape round, first 0, stop 1, thermals 1, name 1
- Pad: at (-0.100000", 0.025000"), diameter 0.040000", drill 0.028000", angle 0.000000, shape round, first 0, stop 1, thermals 1, name 2
- Pad: at (-0.050000", -0.025000"), diameter 0.040000", drill 0.028000", angle 0.000000, shape round, first 0, stop 1, thermals 1, name 3
- Pad: at (-0.050000", 0.025000"), diameter 0.040000", drill 0.028000", angle 0.000000, shape round, first 0, stop 1, thermals 1, name 4
- Pad: at (0.000000", -0.025000"), diameter 0.040000", drill 0.028000", angle 0.000000, shape round, first 0, stop 1, thermals 1, name 5
- Pad: at (0.000000", 0.025000"), diameter 0.040000", drill 0.028000", angle 0.000000, shape round, first 0, stop 1, thermals 1, name 6
- Pad: at (0.050000", -0.025000"), diameter 0.040000", drill 0.028000", angle 0.000000, shape round, first 0, stop 1, thermals 1, name 7
- Pad: at (0.050000", 0.025000"), diameter 0.040000", drill 0.028000", angle 0.000000, shape round, first 0, stop 1, thermals 1, name 8
- Pad: at (0.100000", -0.025000"), diameter 0.040000", drill 0.028000", angle 0.000000, shape round, first 0, stop 1, thermals 1, name 9
- Pad: at (0.100000", 0.025000"), diameter 0.040000", drill 0.028000", angle 0.000000, shape round, first 0, stop 1, thermals 1, name 10
- Line: from (-0.125000", 0.067500") to (0.125000", 0.067500"), width 0.005000", layer 51, style continuous
- Line: from (0.125000", 0.067500") to (0.125000", -0.067500"), width 0.005000", layer 51, style continuous
- Line: from (0.125000", -0.067500") to (-0.125000", -0.067500"), width 0.005000", layer 51, style continuous
- Line: from (-0.125000", -0.067500") to (-0.125000", 0.067500"), width 0.005000", layer 51, style continuous
- Line: from (-0.145000", 0.087500") to (0.145000", 0.087500"), width 0.005000", layer 21, style continuous
- Line: from (0.145000", 0.087500") to (0.145000", -0.087500"), width 0.005000", layer 21, style continuous
- Line: from (0.145000", -0.087500") to (-0.145000", -0.087500"), width 0.005000", layer 21, style continuous
- Line: from (-0.145000", -0.087500") to (-0.145000", 0.087500"), width 0.005000", layer 21, style continuous
It looks like a pretty simple array of pins with an enclosing silkscreen rectangle. It should also be noted that pad sizes, and dimensions including drills and diameters usually need to be doubled from the encoded binary values, and this seems to be the case here.
So, in answer to your question, no, the translate2geda utility can’t do binary format.